Notes for final

Form Epics start in the middle of things
Books 1-4 Climax- when Odysseus wipes everyone out, Book 22
5-8 Resolution- When Athena tells them to be at peace
9-12 Problem in the book- Suitors are in Odysseus's house
13- 16 -Odysseus can't get home to straighten things out
17- 20 - Inciting event- When Odysseus taunts the Cyclops
21- 24

Names to know
Agammenon- a king who fought in the trojan war and was killed by his wife and cousin when he got home. Agammenon is in hades when Odysseus goes down there
Achille- He is the greatest warrior in the Trojan war but is killed after his achilles heel is hurt. Odyseus sees him in hades and he tells odysseus that he would much rather be a live
Aigisthos- Agammenon's cousin, symbol of disloyal, kills agammenon wiht the help of agammenon's wife. Then he is killed by agammenons son
Helen- Queen of Sparta, we is beautiful and we meet her in the foruth book
Menelaus- King of sparta, Telemachos goes to him to ask of Odysseues becuase Menelaus fought with Odysseus in the Trojan war
Aias (Ajax) - he was one of the next greatest warriors after achilles and he killed himself after he killed a lot of pigs
Orestes - Son of Agammenon, he avengece his fathers death
Nestor - King of Pylos, fought with Odysseus in the Trojan war
Mentor an old family friend of Odysseus , but Athena is usually in the form of his body
Nausicaa - Princes of the Phoniciens, gives Odysseus advice on how to get help from the king
Alcinoos (King of Phocncias), sails Odysseus home and gives him tons of riches, he takes Odysseus in for the night
Arete - Queen of the Phoniciens and Odysseus sucks up to her so that Alcinoos will like him
Eumaios - He is the faithful swineherder that is really a prince but was kidnapped from his home, he helps Odysseus, takes him in and feeds him
Theoclymenos - the seer that telemachos brings back from pylos, he predicts that Odysseus will be ack and kill everyone so he leaves
Melanthios - he is a goatherder but also a suitor that is rude t Odyseus wen he is an old man
Eurycleia - The faithful old maid that took care of Odysseus when he was a boy. She is one of the first to find out who Odysseus is when he is an old man
Amphinomos - He is a suitor that doesn't want to kill Telemachos but is killed in the end
Telemachos - 20 year old son of Odysseus
Laertes - Odysseus's father
Penelope - Queen of Itahca, and Odysseus's husband
Antinoos - He is one of the leaders of the suitors and is killed first
Eurymachos- he is the second leader of the suitors and he is a convincing and quick thinking talker
Lotus- Eaters A grou of people Odysseus runs into on his voyage home, they give the crew berries which makes them not want to continue with Odysseus
Ciconians - The are the people that Odysseus and his crew slay right after they leave Troy
Polyphemos - the cyclops that eats six men and Odysseus forms a plan that he blinds the Cyclops and gets out on the sheep
Scylla - six headed monster that eats six crew members, circe warns him about her
Charybdis- a whirl pool that sinks most every ship that tries to cross it
Aiolos - God of the winds
Elphenar - a crew memeber of Odysseus that falls off the roof of circe's and dies. Odysseus sees him in Hades and is told to go burry him Eurylochos
Tityo - a gaint in Hades thats liver is eaten by vultures over and over again
Tantalos - He is a son of zeus and the nymph pluuto who lives in the lowest leave of hades, he is alway thirsty and he stands in a pond up to his shoulders but when he goes to take a drink the water disappears
Sisyphos He is in Hades and he pushes a boulder up a hill and right before he reaches the top and pushes it over the top the boulder becomes to heavy and falls back to the bottom of the hill
Circe a with like women who turns some of Odyseeus's men in to pigs. They stay at her house for a year
Teirecsians - He is a blind man in HAdes that Odysseus is told to go see. Teirecsians tells them not to eat the sun god's cows or they will all be killed but him
Drover( find out his man)
Breaking up names to remember ( Monsters, Suitors, Servants ( good vs bad) Troy/ backstage,people from travels) (good hospitality vs bad hospitality)
Themes
Loyalty
Hospitality
Pride/ arrogance
Coming of age (Telemachos)
Motifs
Story telling- how you get to know each other is through stories
Troy
Agammenoa/ Clytainmaestra
*Gods
Forgetting/ Seductresses
Symbols
Birds
Hades- living is so much more important
The Wound

Motifs- Birds, The Wound, Hades

Birds, Hades and Odysseus's wound are metioned often in this book, but what do thes motifs mean? A question pondered by many an in this paper I will tell you, to my understanding, what they mean.
First I will start with the motif of Birds. Birds happen to be mentioned quite often in The Odyssey, from the second book when the eagle flew over everyones' head, through book 22 when the drover, swinherd, Odysseus and telemachos are compared to as vultures. These birds can mean many things but I interpert them as a symbol vengance and death and future prophecies coming true. most the time the symbol is a great bird which killing or scarying something, and they always show up when a prophcy is made, showing that prophecy will come true. An example for both would be when penelopeia sees an eagle killing her geese. the geese are the suitors, the eagle is Odysseus and it shows the Prophecy of Odyesseus coming back.

The second Motif thatis mentioned quite a bit towards the end of the book is Odysseus's wound. I beleive this motif is to represent the past, rememberace and an identity. I say this because how he got the wound is a past memory. The wound is how he is identified by everyone in this book that doesn't beleive he is himself. Also the old maid only realizes it is him because of the scar, even when he is disgised as an old man. It's to show he is still himself even though he has been gone for many years.

The final and hardest to interpert motif is Hades. To me, Hades is a symbol of differences and ending. Everyone down there is dead. The book ends there and when Odysseus goes down there in the middle of the book he learns of the end of his mother's and Agammenon's lifes. It is the difference between the people living in Odysseus's world and the people in Hades in Loyality, at the end of the book. Everyone who lives on Earth are those that where loyal to Odysseus and those below are down there because of disloyality. the maids, Suitors, and Aggamenons because of the disloyality of his wife and cousin.

Book 20

Characters: Odysseus, Eurynome, Athena, Zeus, weakest barely grinder, Eurycleia, Melanthios, Philoitios, drover, Amphinomos, Philoitois, Melanthios, Antinoos, Ctesippos, Agelaos Damastorides, Theoclymenos, Eurymachos.

What this book was about: It was the morning and everyone is getting together to eat. Theoclymenos tells them he is leaving because everyone here will die, Outside people are worshipping Apollo, they sat down to eat breakfast.

Theme: Hospitality

Important: this book is still a build up to the finally fight, and it is the start of the feast during which the battles will start.

Birds- motif of Omens

Book 19

Characters: Eurycleia, Odysseus, Athena, Telemachos, Melantho, Eurynome, Penelopeia, Autolycos, Amphithea.

Themes: Loyalty

What this chapter was about: Odysseus talks to Penelopeia, Eurycleia finds out that the stranger is Odysseus

Important: We see how loyal and sad Penelopeia is and Eurycleia know her master is back, Build up to the fight.

Book 18

What this chapter is about: Odysseus fights Iros (the town beggar), Penelopia came down stairs and all the suitors gave her gifts, Eurymachos gets mad at Odysseus and throws a car at him.

Characters: Iros, Antinoos, Amphinomos, Telemachos, Eurynome, Antinoe, Hippodameia, Eurymachos, Athena, Eurydamas, Melantho.

Themes: Hospitality

Why it's important: It shows how mean and unhospital the suitors are and makes you made at them more.

Book 17

Themes- hospitality, Loyalty

What happens- Telemachos goes home; Odysseus goes home with the swineherder and they eat dinner at his house. Odysseus's dog dies. Odyssesus is told to go around a beg. Antnioos is rude.

Characters- Odysseus, Eumaios, Telemachos, Dawn, Athena, Eurycleia, Penelopeia, Peiraios, Theoclymenos, Melanthios o' Dolios, Argos Antinoos, Eurynome,

Why this book is important- Odysseus finally goes to his house to start the scheme to kill the suitors

Book 16

13-16 unit
Odysseus and Telemachos returns home
Introduction to swineherder
Swinehereder Vs. Maid who sold him into slavery
The plan of Odysseus and Telemachos
Plans of the suitors
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Book 16
Odysseus, Eumaios, Telemachos
Odysseus/ Telemachos
Eurymachos, Antinoos, Amphinomos
Penelope's reply to the suitors
Know Odyseeus's/Telemachos plan
Know the suitors plan

Book 15 and while fielding is away

Blogs- by book
* Keep track of characters
* Summary of events
* Why the book is important
* Connect to a Major Theme
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Book 15
Theoclymenos- Fortune teller who was banned from his home land (Plyos) because he killed a man of his own kin, so Telemachos gave him a ride

Swine herder- a prince, his story shows a example of disloyalty

Book 14

Themes- Hospitality and Loyalty

Eumaios- Odysseus's swineherder, very loyal

Book 12

Sirens- A siren is a character in classical Greek mythology, half women, Sing a song the kills mean

Scylla- Six headed monster that will eat six men

Charybdis- whirl pool that sallows three times a day

Thrinacia- island if the god, Helios

The Storm of Zeus- kills all the men but Odysseus

Themes: Loyalty, Leadership, Hospitality

Odysseus:
Purpose:
1.) To tell why and how Odysseus spent ten years to return home
----------------------------
Rest of the book
2.) To discuss how Odysseus sets his house right.
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Monsters of forgetfullness:
* Lotus Eaters
* Circe
* Sirens

Book 11: Odyssey in the kingdom of the dead

Themes: Honor and Honoring the Dead; Life vs. Death; Horros of the Afterlife; The evil of Drink
Characters: Odysseus, Elpenor, Teiresias, Anticleia- his mother, Agamemnon, Achilles, Tityos, Tantalos, Sisyphos, and Heracules.

Summary:
Following Circe's directions Odyssey and his crew reach the river of Oceanos near the city of Cimmerian, whihc is wrapped in mist and clouds. There, Odysseus prepares the sacrifices that will draw the dead to him. Note: honey, milk, wine, water, and white barely meal and finally blood. It is the blood that gives the ghosts memory, all except Teirsesias who retains his memory from life.

One of the first ghosts Odysseus encounters is Elpenor. Elpenor is one of his crew who got drunk and fell off Circe's roof and broke his neck. He reinforces the evil of drink/ drugs motif but he has also been left unburied. He asks Odysseus to honor his body and bury him upon his return to Aiaia.

Teiresias steps forward, and tells Odysseus that he and his crew may reach home if they don't hurt the cattle and sheep of Helios (the sun god). Particularly, he sayd that Odysseus must "control" his men. If they do hurt the cattle and sheep, Odysseus will arrive home late in a stranger's boat and to a house full of suitors.

Anticleia, Odysseus's mother then tells Odysseus how she died- grief for her son. He tries to hug her but he cannot because she is a shade.

Long lines of women march through his sight, each with their share of grief, love, and misery.

Agamemnon comes and tells the story of his murder, his butchered or slaughter at the dinner table ( contrast with Euripdes), the shriek of Cassandra, and the shameful death. He asks about his son Orestes.

Achillies- in a very anti- heroic wiew of him mocks Odysseus and claims: " Don't bepraise death to me. I would rather be a plowman to a yeoman farmer on a small holding than lord Paramount of the kingdom of the Dead.

Ajax (Aias)- ignores Odysseus's pleads an forgiveness, kills himself because he killed a bunch of pigs. Second greatest warrior after Achillese. Fights Odysseus for Achillese armor

The horrors of Hades:
Tityos- who has two vultures tear out his liver and eat it again and again for all eternity.
Tantalos- who stands in a lake up to his chin and is always thirsty. When he tilts his head to drink the water drains away.
Sisyphos- who pushes a great rock up a hill and as soon as he gets it near the top the rock rolls back down and he starts over.
Hercules- who is surrounded by ghosts twittering and gibbering like birds. He has his bow forever cocked ready to shoot.

Notes for Book 10

Aiolos- god of the winds, bags the winds so they can go home. Odysseus's men opens the bags and the winds are releases (loyalty), Aiolos becomes upset at Odysseus's inhospitality to his services. Go to the land of giants were they are eaten / Lamos- Lautrygonians attack them and eat them,( started with twelve ships and left with only one).
Island of Circe
Odysseus kills a huge deer/stag
Sends men to investigate the house w/ smoke
Circe turns them into pigs- all except Eurylochos
Hermes helps Odysseus trick Circe
Odysseus and his men stay one whole year with Circe
Circe tells Odyssey he must seek and Teiresias in Hedas
Theme- forgetfulness, drugs
Double stander- Penelopia wont marry anyone but Odysseus went and had sex with a goddess and stayed a whole extra year.
Pigs/ symbols of the men
Eurylochos- smart enough to not follow Circe, doesn't want to stay loyal to Odysseus, after all the men are turned back into men he says that they should leave.
Hermes shows up and helps Odysseus

Books 5-8

Books 5-8 are telling the story of Odysseus getting off the island of Ogygia. They tell us what he goes through trying to get home. These 4 books back up the themes of hospitality and Loyalty. Odysseus is still loyal to his wife and trying to get home. Everywhere he goes and stays they welcome him in with open hospitality. These books are important because they introduce Odysseus's character, they back up the themes more and starts his journey back to his old life. We also learn what sort of character he is.

Summary of book three

Book three
Telemachos sails to Pylos with Athena. There, he goes and meets a man named Nestor the King; a man who fought with Odysseus in the Trojan war. Telemachos and Mentor (Athena) are invited into Nestors house to eat dinner. After they have eaten, Nestor asks Telemachos why he is here. Telemachos tells him about what is happening at his house and that he is coming to find word of what might have happened to his father. Nestor tells Telemachos that he doesn't know what happened to Odysseus after he sailed off in the first fleet of ships. Nestor says that in his voyage home the sea was not good to them, and that many ships were lost. He also tells him that those that made it home quick died, like Agemenon who was killed by his wife and cousin. Telemachos is told to go see Menelaus (King of Sparta) and ask about his father. Before they leave Athena turns into a bird, and Nestor makes a sacrifice. Telemachos spent the night at Diocles, and then at Dawn, they were off on horse back.

Nestor- He helped fight the centaurs, and participated in the hunt for the Calydonian Boar. His horse in the Trojan War was killed by Paris. Son of Neleus and Choris. Killed Mulies, son in law of king Augeas. Heracles killed his father and brother.

Notes on book 1-4

Books 1-4 - Prince Telemachos
Themes: Hospitality, Loyalty * Ithaca *Pylos
Agamenon (killed by wife and cousin), leader of the greek forces in Troy (raided Athena's temple, upset Posiedon), This story is to show a contrast to loyalty. Orestes (son of Agamenon) kills the murders of his father.
Menelous- sees the Queen of Sparta (Helen)
Nestor- makes a ton of sacrifices. Some humor
Mentor/ Athena- Symbol

Book Two

Setting: Place- Market-Places of Ithaca, Telemacho's house on Ithaca, the seashore in Ithaca, and his father's storehouse, Time: about 10 years after the Trojan War

Characters: The Criers, Mentor/ Athena, Telemachos, Antinoos, two young bullies, Eurycleia, Penelopeia, Pair of eagles, Halitherses Mastorides, Eurymachos, Leocritos Euenorides, Aigyptios, Eurynomos, and Peisenor

Speeches: Aigyptios, Says it's the first meeting that has been called since Odysseus left and he asks why it has been called. he is glad that someone has finally called a meeting.

Telemachos, He tells them that he is the person who called the meeting, He tells them how their are men trying to get his mother's hand in marriage but instead of a formal porposal they are eating him out of house and will make telemachos out. so he tells the council he wants the men out of his house. He is yelling at him that they are making him poor and taking all of his stuff.
Antinoos, He tell Telemachos that he is out of control and that it is not them he should blame but his mother. He tells Telemachos that his mother is a tease and tricked them so that she didn't have to take anyone's hand in marriage, so they stayed and waited until she was ready to choose someone to marry. Antinoos tells the story of how telemachos mother tricked them. The he tell Telemachos that he should send his mother to her father so that he can choose who she would marry. Because is telemachos doesn't send his mother away, then they will keep eating up his living and the Telemachos should say good bye to his fortune. and they still will not leave until Telemachos mother marries.
Telemachos, He tells Antinoos that he can't send his mother away because his mother will send the gods to avenge him. And he countines to say, if they stay ariund his house and eat his food then he will call upon the gods to bring vengance on the suitors.
(Eagles come)
Halitherses Masmtorides,
he thinks Odysseus will be back and will plant the seed of death and destruction.
Eurymachos,
Tells everyone to leave and wishes Halitherses dies with Odysseus so then he would be speaking as God's mouth piece. He tells Telemachos there will be a heavy burden if he goes to look for his father. Tells him to tell his mom the go to her fathers house and will be arranged a marriage.
Telemachos,
He doesn't want to talk about his mom and wants a ship and men to go to Pylos to find out about his father.
Mentor,
no one should look for Odysseus.
Euenorides,
Mentor is crazy and they should keep looking for Odysseus.
Telemachos,
(praying to Athena), The people of the town, especially his mothers wooers dont want him to find out what happened to Odysseus.
Mentor/Athena,
Athena tells him he is like his father, and that he will have courage or sense in the futre. She tells him he will have a good journey, unless he is not actually the son of Odysseus and Penelopeia. She is telling him he will succeed and not to worry about his mother's wooers. She ends by telling him to get provisions for the journey and she will go and get him a ship and good men.
Antinoos,
He tell telemachos to stop worrying and go on with his everyday life. but if he wants, they will get him a ship and men to sail Pylos for news of his father.
Telemachos,










Where the book ends:
Athena got Telemachos a boat and crew. Once Everyone in Telemachos's house hold is asleep, he went to the ship. They pack up the ship and sail away, to start the adventure of finding Odysseus.

What's important about book 2:
It goes along with the theme of loyalty, it foreshadows that there will be a conflict between the suitors and Odysseus. Book two is also the start of Telemachos's adventure.

What happens to all the characters:
Telemachos: He will go and find out what happened to his father
Antinoos: He will die because he wont leave Odysseus house, and Odysseus will come back and kill him

Macbeth

Macbeth is a play written during the 1600, in old english. Making sense of what happens or what is said it very hard to understand sometimes. That's why watching the movie about it was good. This movie made me see stuff or understand stuff that I couldn't while reading the book. I liked the fact that we never really had to see the blood and gore. Most character choice was good and they did a good job at saying their lines right. Macbeth wasn't a horrible movie and now I understand things that were confusing to me while reading the book.

Vocab 1/29

1) Mirth-noun, amusement, esp. as expressed in laughter
The Mirth in the boy showed when he started laughting.
2) Liege- ADJ. a fuedal lord entitled to allegiance & service
Macbeth was jealous of the liege Malcolm because he wanted to be king.
3) Parricide-noun, the act of killing a parent or other near relative.
The parricide ran away after the killing because he knew he was in big trouble
4) Verity- noun, the state or quality of being true; accordance with fact or reality
When the verity came about who killed Duncan, Macbeth had already stabbed himself
5) Avaric-noun, excessive desire or greed.
The Avaric in the man made him crazy
6) Avaunt- adv, away, hence
Avaunt, i don't want you here
7) Posterity-noun, all future generations of people
"All posterity from your family will be killed," said Macbeth
8) Homage-noun, special honor or respect shown publicly
Malcolm gave homage to Macduff for making him lead the army in the speech he gave after killing Macbeth
9) Cloistered-adjective, kept away from the outside world; sheltered
The cloistered women never had a life and died alone
10) Equivocator-N, a respondent who avoids giving a clear direct answer
The equivocator became annoying to the student because she could never get or understand an answer.
11) Eminence noun- High station, rank, or repute
Macduff was given an eminence in the army after the battle
12) Avouch-verb, to admit, confess
Macbeth avouched that he killed Duncan before he was killed
13) Thralls-noun, one who is intellectually or morally enslaved
The man was a thralls and couldn't do anything to help
14) Malevolence adjective, having or showing a wish to do evil to others
The malevolence man scared everyone

Vocab words 1/13 (please check)

Surmised V. suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it.
~The police surmised the girl for committing the murder with out a trace to her
Bounteous Adj. generously given or giving
~The bounteous girl gave a large check to a homeless person
Consort N. a companion, associate, or partner (a husband or a wife)
~His consort left him
Corporal Adj. Punishment of the human body
~The teacher used corporal humilation on the student
Prate V. to talk excessively & pointlessly, babble
~My sister prated on & on, so I left the room
Dauntless Adj. Fearless, not to be intimidated
~The Dauntless girl was not scared by the horrow movie
Chastise V. to criticize severly
~The teacher Chastised the student for not doing his homework
Chalice N. a drinking cup or goblet
~The chalice was full of water
Undivulged Adj. to keep private, unpublic
~the undivulged homework keep the girl from getting a grade
Surfeit N. an excessive indulgence, esp. in food or drink
~The girl was surfeit and so she got fat( I think i use this more like an ADJ)